Nelson Mandela (knowledge question)

 Part 1: The Inauguration Ceremony & Timeline (Questions 1–40)

Q : On what date did the historic inauguration ceremony take place

Ans : 10th May 1994

Q : In which city were the Union Buildings located

Ans : Pretoria

Q : What type of structure hosted the installation of South Africa's first democratic government

Ans : A sandstone amphitheatre

Q : Who had formed the beautiful sandstone amphitheatre in Pretoria

Ans : The Union Buildings

Q : For how many decades had the amphitheatre been the seat of white supremacy

Ans : For decades

Q : Who accompanied Nelson Mandela on the autumn day of the inauguration

Ans : His daughter Zenani

Q : Who was sworn in as the second deputy president on the podium

Ans : Mr de Klerk

Q : Who was sworn in as the first deputy president

Ans : Thabo Mbeki

Q : What did Nelson Mandela pledge to obey and uphold during his swearing-in

Ans : The Constitution

Q : To what did Mandela devote himself and his people during the ceremony

Ans : To the well-being of the Republic and its people

Q : How many years of white rule did South Africa experience before the 1994 elections

Ans : More than three centuries

Q : How many seats out of 400 did the African National Congress win in the 1994 elections

Ans : 252 seats

Q : What news agency reported the headline regarding Mandela becoming the first black president

Ans : The BBC

Q : How many international leaders and dignitaries attended the historic gathering

Ans : Hundreds from more than 140 countries

Q : What season was it in South Africa when the inauguration took place

Ans : Autumn

Q : Why does Mandela call 10 May an autumn day in South Africa

Ans : Because South Africa is in the Southern Hemisphere where May falls during autumn

Q : What type of political system separates people according to their race

Ans : Apartheid

Q : Name the three countries listed in the textbook to identify where apartheid existed until recently

Ans : United States of America South Africa and Australia

Q : For how many years did Nelson Mandela spend his life in prison

Ans : Thirty years

Q : What phrase did Mandela use to describe the gathering of different colours and nations

Ans : A rainbow gathering

Q : Who were gathered on the streets of Pretoria to celebrate together

Ans : Blacks whites and coloureds

Q : How many South African men women and children of all races sang and danced with joy

Ans : More than 100000

Q : What was the nature of the past few days before 10th May for Mandela

Ans : He had been pleasantly besieged by dignitaries and world leaders

Q : Why were world leaders coming to visit Mandela before the inauguration

Ans : To pay their respects

Q : What landmark event did this international gathering represent on South African soil

Ans : The largest gathering ever of international leaders on South African soil

Q : What did the installation of the new government mark the end of

Ans : The seat of white supremacy

Q : What did the new government represent for the first time in South Africa

Ans : A democratic non-racial government

Q : Who did Mandela address directly as the assembled guests

Ans : The people of South Africa and the world

Q : What did Mandela say their presence conferred to newborn liberty

Ans : Glory and hope

Q : What did Mandela call the decades-long system of racial oppression in his speech

Ans : An extraordinary human disaster

Q : What type of society did Mandela say must be born from this disaster

Ans : A society of which all humanity will be proud

Q : What status did South Africans hold not so long ago due to apartheid laws

Ans : Outlaws

Q : What rare privilege was granted to the South African citizens on their own soil

Ans : To be host to the nations of the world

Q : Whom did Mandela thank for coming to take possession with the people of his country

Ans : The distinguished international guests

Q : What common victory did the presence of global leaders represent

Ans : A common victory for justice for peace for human dignity

Q : What goal did the South African people achieve at last politically

Ans : Political emancipation

Q : What did the leadership pledge to liberate all their people from continuously

Ans : The continuing bondage of poverty deprivation suffering gender and other discrimination

Q : What did Mandela vow would never never and never again happen on this beautiful land

Ans : The oppression of one by another

Q : What will never set on so glorious a human achievement according to Mandela

Ans : The sun

Q : What final exclamation did Mandela make to close his opening speech section

Ans : Let freedom reign God bless Africa

### Part 2: Military Display, Anthems, and Historical Reflection (Questions 41–80)

Q : What caused the spectators to lift their eyes in awe shortly after the speech

Ans : A spectacular array of South African jets helicopters and troop carriers

Q : Over which building did the military aircraft roar in perfect formation

Ans : The Union Buildings

Q : What did the military flypast display besides pinpoint precision and military force

Ans : A demonstration of the military's loyalty to democracy

Q : To what kind of government was the military demonstrating its loyalty

Ans : A new government that had been freely and fairly elected

Q : Whose chests were bedecked with ribbons and medals from days gone by

Ans : The highest generals of the South African defence force and police

Q : What action did the high-ranking military generals take before Mandela

Ans : They saluted him and pledged their loyalty

Q : What historical fact was Mandela not unmindful of regarding these generals

Ans : That not so many years before they would not have saluted but arrested him

Q : Which specific jet squadron left a smoke trail over the sky

Ans : A chevron of Impala jets

Q : What shape did the smoke trail of the Impala jets form in the sky

Ans : A chevron or a V shape

Q : What were the five distinct colours of the smoke trail left by the Impala jets

Ans : Black red green blue and gold

Q : What did the five colours of the smoke trail represent on that day

Ans : The new South African flag

Q : What symbolized the day of the inauguration for Mandela personally

Ans : The playing of the two national anthems

Q : Which national anthem was sung by the white citizens

Ans : 'Nkosi Sikelel –iAfrika'

Q : Which national anthem was sung by the black citizens

Ans : 'Die Stem'

Q : What historical status did 'Die Stem' hold for the Republic

Ans : It was the old anthem of the Republic

Q : What was the initial attitude of both groups toward the lyrics of the anthem they despised

Ans : Neither group knew the lyrics of the anthem

Q : What did Mandela predict would soon happen regarding the lyrics of the anthems

Ans : They would soon know the words by heart

Q : What feeling was Mandela overwhelmed with on the day of the inauguration

Ans : A sense of history

Q : In which decade of the twentieth century did the bitter Anglo-Boer war take place

Ans : The first decade

Q : How many years before Mandela's own birth did the Anglo-Boer war conclude

Ans : A few years

Q : What did the white-skinned peoples of South Africa do after the Anglo-Boer war

Ans : They patched up their differences and erected a system of racial domination

Q : Against whom was the system of racial domination directed

Ans : Against the dark-skinned peoples of their own land

Q : What name is given to the structure of racial domination established by the white-skinned people

Ans : Apartheid

Q : How does Mandela describe the apartheid system in terms of its social cruelty

Ans : One of the harshest most inhumane societies the world has ever known

Q : In which decade of the twentieth century did the old system change forever

Ans : The last decade

Q : In what stage of life was Mandela during the final decade of the twentieth century

Ans : In his eighth decade as a man

Q : What happened to the old oppressive structure in the final decade of the century

Ans : It was overturned forever

Q : What replaced the overturned system of racial inequality

Ans : One that recognized the rights and freedoms of all peoples regardless of skin colour

Q : Through what did the day of liberation finally come about

Ans : Through the unimaginable sacrifices of thousands of my people

Q : Can the suffering and courage of the South African patriots ever be counted or repaid

Ans : No it can never be counted or repaid

Q : How did Mandela feel on that historic day regarding his connection to past patriots

Ans : That he was simply the sum of all those African patriots who had gone before him

Q : What line of heritage ended and began again with Nelson Mandela's presidency

Ans : That long and noble line of patriots

Q : What pained Mandela deeply regarding the departed patriots on the day of victory

Ans : That they were not able to see what their sacrifices had wrought

Q : What did the policy of apartheid create in the country and its people

Ans : A deep and lasting wound

Q : How long did Mandela estimate it would take for generations to recover from the apartheid wound

Ans : Many years if not generations

Q : What positive but unintended effect did the decades of oppression and brutality produce

Ans : It produced extraordinary men of unparalleled courage wisdom and generosity

Q : Name the prominent anti-apartheid leader depicted first in the page 20 graphic

Ans : Oliver Tambo

Q : Name the prominent leader wearing glasses positioned next to Oliver Tambo in the textbook graphic

Ans : Walter Sisulu

Q : Who is the leader titled Chief listed among the prominent names of the struggle

Ans : Chief Luthuli

Q : List three other prominent names mentioned alongside Oliver Tambo on page 20

Ans : Yusuf Dadoo Bram Fischer and Robert Sobukwe

### Part 3: Character, Courage, and Basic Humanity (Questions 81–120)

Q : According to Mandela what is required to create such high heights of character

Ans : Depths of oppression

Q : What does Mandela consider to be South Africa's greatest wealth

Ans : Its people

Q : What minerals and gems lie beneath the South African soil

Ans : Minerals and gems

Q : How are the people of South Africa described in comparison to the purest diamonds

Ans : Finer and truer than the purest diamonds

Q : From whom did Mandela learn the true meaning of courage

Ans : From his comrades in the struggle

Q : What have men risked and given their lives for time and again in the struggle

Ans : For an idea

Q : What did Mandela see men stand up to without breaking down

Ans : To attacks and torture

Q : What quality of the comrades did Mandela say defies the imagination

Ans : Their strength and resilience

Q : What is the meaning of the word resilience as annotated in the textbook text margin

Ans : The ability to deal with any kind of hardship and recover from its effects

Q : Complete the lesson insight Courage was not the absence of fear but the

Ans : Triumph over it

Q : Who does Mandela state is the truly brave man

Ans : He who conquers fear not he who does not feel afraid

Q : Is any human being born hating another person because of skin colour background or religion

Ans : No no one is born hating another person

Q : If people can learn to hate what else can they be taught to do

Ans : They can be taught to love

Q : Why should love be taught instead of hate according to Mandela's observation of human nature

Ans : Because love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite

Q : Where did Mandela and his comrades find themselves pushed to their absolute limits

Ans : In prison

Q : What did the phrase pushed to our limits mean according to the text margin note

Ans : Pushed to the last point in our ability to bear pain

Q : What would Mandela see in one of the guards that reassured him in prison

Ans : A glimmer of humanity

Q : For how long would the glimmer of humanity in a guard typically last

Ans : Perhaps just for a second

Q : What was the effect of seeing that glimmer of humanity on Mandela's spirits

Ans : It was enough to reassure him and keep him going

Q : To what natural element does Mandela compare man's inherent goodness

Ans : A flame

Q : Can the flame of man's goodness be hidden or extinguished completely

Ans : It can be hidden but never extinguished

Q : What is the first question asked in the Oral Comprehension Check on page 21

Ans : What do the military generals do How has their attitude changed and why

Q : What is the second question in the Oral Comprehension Check on page 21

Ans : Why were two national anthems sung

Q : What does the third question ask students to analyze regarding systems of government

Ans : How Mandela describes the systems of government in his country in the first decade and the final decade of the twentieth century

Q : What are the final two questions of the Oral Comprehension Check on page 21 based on

Ans : What courage means to Mandela and whether he thinks love or hate is natural

Q : What basic human structural concept is introduced at the very bottom of page 21

Ans : Twin obligations

Q : What is a man's first set of obligations directed towards in life

Ans : His family his parents his wife and children

Q : To whom does a man owe his second set of obligations in a normal society

Ans : To his people his community his country

Q : In what kind of society can each man fulfill these obligations according to his inclinations

Ans : In a civil and humane society

Q : What does the word inclinations mean according to the page 22 vocabulary margin

Ans : Natural tendencies of behaviour

Q : What was almost impossible for a man of Mandela's birth and colour to do in South Africa

Ans : To fulfill both of those obligations

Q : What happened to a dark-skinned man in South Africa who attempted to live like a human being

Ans : He was punished and isolated

Q : What happened to a person who tried to fulfill his duty to his own people

Ans : He was inevitably ripped from his family and his home

Q : What kind of life was an isolated person forced to live as a result of state policy

Ans : A life apart a twilight existence of secrecy and rebellion

Q : Did Mandela in the beginning choose to place his people above his family

Ans : No he did not

Q : What did Mandela find when he later attempted to serve his people as a leader

Ans : That he was prevented from fulfilling his obligations as a son a brother a father and a husband

Q : Was Mandela born with a conscious hunger to be free from his birth

Ans : No he was not born with a hunger to be free

Q : Why did Mandela feel he was born free as a young child

Ans : Because he was free in every way that he could know

Q : Name two simple freedoms Mandela enjoyed near his mother's hut as a boy

Ans : Free to run in the fields near his mother's hut and free to swim in the clear stream

Q : What did Mandela enjoy roasting under the stars with his friends

Ans : Mealies

### Part 4: The Changing Concept of Freedom (Questions 121–160)

Q : On what type of animals did the young village boys enjoy riding

Ans : The broad backs of slow-moving bulls

Q : As long as Mandela obeyed his father and abided by tribal customs what laws did not trouble him

Ans : The laws of man or God

Q : When did Mandela begin to learn that his boyhood freedom was an illusion

Ans : When he began to learn it as a young man

Q : What is the meaning of the word illusion as explained in the text margin note

Ans : Something that appears to be real but is not

Q : What did Mandela discover had already happened to his freedom when he was a young man

Ans : That his freedom had already been taken from him

Q : What did Mandela begin to feel once he discovered his freedom was missing

Ans : He began to hunger for it

Q : What specific transient freedom did Mandela want for himself at first as a student

Ans : The freedom of being able to stay out at night

Q : Name two other personal activities Mandela desired as a student based on his own choice

Ans : To read what he pleased and go where he chose

Q : In which city did Mandela later yearn for the basic and honourable freedoms as a young man

Ans : Johannesburg

Q : What basic potential-related freedoms did he yearn for in Johannesburg

Ans : Freedoms of earning his keep of marrying and having a family

Q : What must the basic freedoms not be obstructed in according to a young man's vision

Ans : In a lawful life

Q : What did Mandela slowly see regarding the daily reality of his brothers and sisters

Ans : That they were not free

Q : Was it only Mandela's individual freedom that was severely curtailed under apartheid

Ans : No the freedom of everyone who looked like him was curtailed

Q : What political organization did Nelson Mandela join to fight for his people's freedom

Ans : The African National Congress

Q : What happened to Mandela's personal hunger for freedom when he joined the ANC

Ans : It became the greater hunger for the freedom of his people

Q : What animated Mandela's entire life during the struggle for national liberation

Ans : The desire for the freedom of his people to live their lives with dignity and self-respect

Q : What did this powerful national desire transform a frightened young man into

Ans : Into a bold one

Q : What did the struggle drive a law-abiding attorney to become in the eyes of the state

Ans : A criminal

Q : What did the fight for freedom turn a family-loving husband into

Ans : A man without a home

Q : What kind of lifestyle was a life-loving man forced to adopt due to political isolation

Ans : To live like a monk

Q : Did Mandela consider himself more virtuous or self-sacrificing than the next man during the struggle

Ans : No he did not

Q : What did Mandela find he could not even enjoy when his people were unfree

Ans : The poor and limited freedoms he was allowed

Q : Complete Mandela's philosophical statement on the unity of freedom Freedom is

Ans : Indivisible

Q : What did Mandela consider the chains on any one of his people to be

Ans : The chains on all of them

Q : What did Mandela consider the chains on all of his people to be for himself

Ans : The chains on me

Q : Who did Mandela know must be liberated just as surely as the oppressed people

Ans : The oppressor

Q : What is a man who takes away another man's freedom a prisoner of

Ans : A prisoner of hatred

Q : Behind what metaphorical bars is an oppressor locked securely

Ans : The bars of prejudice and narrow-mindedness

Q : Define the word prejudice as given in the textbook margin glossary

Ans : A strong dislike without any good reason

Q : Is a person truly free if they are actively taking away someone else's freedom

Ans : No they are not truly free

Q : Who are equally robbed of their essential humanity according to the final line of the text

Ans : The oppressed and the oppressor alike

Q : What major exercise is referenced at the bottom of page 20 for students to look up nouns

Ans : Exercise II on page 25

Q : What word means old-fashioned or formal word for done or achieved in the margins

Ans : Wrought

Q : What word means deep and strong in the page 20 vocabulary annotations

Ans : Profound

Q : What expression matches an impressive display (colourful and attractive) in the activity table

Ans : A spectacular array

Q : What expression matches conscious of; aware of in the page 19 matching activity column

Ans : Not unmindful of

Q : What phrase means had a very low opinion of in the textbook margin notes

Ans : Despised

Q : What vocabulary word means freedom from restriction in the margin notes of page 18

Ans : Emancipation

Q : What word means state of not having one's rightful benefits in the margin notes

Ans : Deprivation

Q : What word means being treated differently or unfavourably in the South African context

Ans : Discrimination

### Part 5: Comprehensive Skill Focus & Text Synthesis (Questions 161–200)

Q : Identify the title of Chapter 2 in the textbook

Ans : Nelson Mandela Long Walk to Freedom

Q : What unique code appears inside the grey box at the top right of the chapter title page

Ans : F8Y4M1

Q : What is the full biological name of Nelson Mandela provided right under the main title

Ans : Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela

Q : In which year did democratic elections finally take place in South Africa to end apartheid

Ans : 1994

Q : What phrase is used to describe the historic day of the assembly in the text introduction

Ans : A historic occasion

Q : What does the text call the extract used for this specific textbook chapter

Ans : An extract from his autobiography

Q : What specific phrase did Mandela use in his address to describe the political victory over racism

Ans : A democratic non-racial government

Q : What is the name of the book from which this entire chapter extract is taken

Ans : Long Walk to Freedom

Q : Who was the president of the African National Congress during the historic election victory

Ans : Nelson Mandela

Q : How many total seats were available in the democratic parliament election of 1994

Ans : 400 seats

Q : What term refers to a building without a roof with many rows of seats rising in steps

Ans : Amphitheatre

Q : What specific day of the week or date is emphasized as the dawn of hope

Ans : Tenth May

Q : Who was the second deputy president to take oath right before Thabo Mbeki

Ans : Mr de Klerk

Q : What phrase did Mandela use to describe the long-standing international isolation of South Africa

Ans : We who were outlaws not so long ago

Q : What did the political freedom achieved by South Africans mean for domestic laws

Ans : The end of institutionalized racial discrimination

Q : What did the military flypast over the capital city symbolize to common citizens

Ans : The democratic transition and military subjection to the constitution

Q : What was the literal color of the sandstone used to build the amphitheatre

Ans : Sandstone (light brown/tan)

Q : What group of people does the expression the white-skinned peoples refer to historically

Ans : The European/White settlers who instituted apartheid

Q : What group of people does the expression the dark-skinned peoples refer to in the text

Ans : The native Black population of South Africa

Q : In which decade of life did Nelson Mandela find himself when the system was finally overturned

Ans : In his eighties (eighth decade as a man)

Q : What word means to be surrounded closely by in the activity vocabulary list

Ans : Besieged by

Q : What expression represents the seat of white supremacy in the lesson context

Ans : The Union Buildings in Pretoria before 1994

Q : Name the two specific wars or historical developments that altered South Africa's social structure

Ans : The Anglo-Boer War and the creation of Apartheid

Q : Who is the author of the autobiography Long Walk to Freedom

Ans : Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela

Q : What quality does Mandela attribute to the freedom fighters who died before the dawn of democracy

Ans : Unparalleled courage wisdom and generosity

Q : What does the word comrades mean to Mandela in the context of the freedom struggle

Ans : Brothers and sisters in arms who risked their lives for an idea

Q : What basic human right is denied by the system of apartheid according to the text overview

Ans : Equality based on race

Q : What word defines the quality of a person who does not give up easily under pain

Ans : Resilience

Q : What specific phrase did the text use to show the extreme physical torture suffered by patriots

Ans : Stand up to attacks and torture without breaking

Q : What is the primary lesson Mandela wants readers to learn about love and hate

Ans : That love is natural and hate is learned

Q : What basic social roles are mentioned when discussing a man's family obligations

Ans : Son brother father and husband

Q : What was the name of the native village community where Mandela ran as a child

Ans : Near his mother's hut (tribal village lands)

Q : What did freedom mean to Mandela when he was a school student in his early youth

Ans : Personal liberty to stay out read what he liked and go where he chose

Q : What does the expression a twilight existence symbolize in the biography

Ans : A dangerous life of secrecy and rebellion against an oppressive state

Q : What specific realization made Mandela join the African National Congress

Ans : Knowing that his own freedom and his people's freedom were completely curtailed

Q : What basic professional title did Mandela hold before becoming a full-time activist

Ans : Attorney

Q : What does the word monk symbolize when applied to Mandela's life story

Ans : A solitary life spent away from family comforts for a higher cause

Q : What is the central message of the chapter regarding the human spirit under oppression

Ans : Oppression can create noble characters and can never fully extinguish human goodness

Q : What final state of harmony does Mandela envision for both sides of the struggle

Ans : Total liberation where both the oppressed and the oppressor are free from hatred